Modulation of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) Activity in Human Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) Neurons by Herpesvirus Quiescent Infection.

The molecular mechanisms of pain associated with alphaherpesvirus latency is unclear. We hypothesize that the voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons controlling the electrical impulses may have abnormal activity during infection and reactivation of latent virus. We used HSV-1 infects DRG-derived neural cell line of human HD10.6 to study the formation of viral latency, maintenance and reactivation and changes of VGSC functional expression. differentiated cells exhibited strong tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitive sodium currents and significantly reduce the acute infection VGSC functional expression within 24 hours, and completely eliminate VGSC activity within 3 days.

A stationary state of infection mimic latency can be achieved in the presence acyclovir (ACV) for 7 days followed by 5 days of washout ACV and then the virus can remain active for three weeks. It was noted that during the formation of HSV-1 latency, loss VGSC activity caused by HSV-1 can not be blocked by the treatment of ACV. However, neurons with ACV treatment continued for 4 days showed a gradual recovery VGSC functional expression.

Furthermore, neurons VGSC latent showed higher activity compared to controls. Overall Regulation VGSC by HSV-1 during a silent infection as evidenced by an increase in the transcription and translation possibilities Nav1.7. Together these observations suggest a very complex pattern of electrophysiological changes during HSV infection DRG neurons, which may have implications for understanding the mechanisms of virus-mediated pain associated with latency and reactivation.Importance: The reactivation of the herpes virus, most often VZV and PRV, can cause nerve disorders cranial and unbearable pain. Clinical studies have also reported that HSV-1 causes occipital neuralgia and chronic postherpetic neuralgia in humans.

Work is currently closely studying the functional VGSC expression profile changes during the process of HSV-1 latency and reactivation formation using human dorsal root ganglion neurons HD 10.6 cells as an in vitro model. Our results show that the activity of VGSC eliminated after infection but continued to recover during the establishment of latency and latency neurons showed VGSC activity is even higher. This finding advances our knowledge of how the ganglion neurons generated electrical impulses as usual for normal VGSC functional expression is affected by latent viruses.

DAPI
40011-1	Biotium	EA	EUR 122

DAPI
BMD0063-100mg	Abbkine	100 mg	EUR 849
Description: DAPI is a popular blue fluorescent DNA dye.

DAPI
BMD0063-10mg	Abbkine	10 mg	EUR 119
Description: DAPI is a popular blue fluorescent DNA dye.

DAPI
B1098-25	Biovision	each	EUR 496.8

DAPI
B1098-5	Biovision	each	EUR 170.4

DAPI
abx283157-100g	Abbexa	100 µg	Ask for price

DAPI
abx283157-20g	Abbexa	20 µg	EUR 106.25

DAPI
abx283157-50g	Abbexa	50 µg	EUR 237.5

DAPI
abx082063-100l	Abbexa	100 µl	EUR 212.5

DAPI
abx082063-1ml	Abbexa	1 ml	Ask for price

DAPI
abx082063-200l	Abbexa	200 µl	Ask for price

DAPI
BMD0063-each	Abbkine	each	Ask for price

DAPI
MBS9719177-100mg	MyBiosource	100mg	EUR 605

DAPI
MBS9719177-10mg	MyBiosource	10mg	EUR 155

DAPI
MBS9719177-5x100mg	MyBiosource	5x100mg	EUR 2685

DAPI Reagent
MBS2567122-100Tests	MyBiosource	100Tests	EUR 85

DAPI Reagent
MBS2567122-200Tests	MyBiosource	200Tests	EUR 95

DAPI Reagent
MBS2567122-500Tests	MyBiosource	500Tests	EUR 115

DAPI Reagent
MBS2567122-50Tests	MyBiosource	50Tests	EUR 80

DAPI Reagent
MBS2567122-5x500Tests	MyBiosource	5x500Tests	EUR 510

DAPI Reagent
MBS2563514-10mL	MyBiosource	10mL	EUR 100

DAPI Reagent
MBS2563514-50mL	MyBiosource	50mL	EUR 150

DAPI Reagent
MBS2563514-5mL	MyBiosource	5mL	EUR 90

DAPI Reagent
MBS2563514-5x50mL	MyBiosource	5x50mL	EUR 640

DAPI Dilactate
17509	AAT Bioquest	25 mg	EUR 112
Description: DAPI is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to DNA.

DAPI Dilactate
17509-25mg	AAT Bioquest	25 mg	EUR 109
Description: DAPI is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to DNA.

DAPI (hydrochloride)
C3362-10	ApexBio	10 mg	EUR 62
Description: A fluorescent probe, commonly used to stain DNA and chromosomes

DAPI (hydrochloride)
C3362-25	ApexBio	25 mg	EUR 130
Description: A fluorescent probe, commonly used to stain DNA and chromosomes

DAPI (hydrochloride)
C3362-5	ApexBio	5 mg	EUR 37
Description: A fluorescent probe, commonly used to stain DNA and chromosomes

DAPI (Hydrochloride)
MBS696332-25mg	MyBiosource	25mg	EUR 260

DAPI (Hydrochloride)
MBS696332-5mg	MyBiosource	5mg	EUR 150

DAPI (Hydrochloride)
MBS696332-5x25mg	MyBiosource	5x25mg	EUR 1120

DAPI Dihydrochloride
561706	MedKoo Biosciences	5.0mg	EUR 190

DAPI dihydrochloride
MB097-10MG	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 41.98
Description: DAPI dihydrochloride

DAPI dihydrochloride
MB097-25MG	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 83.31
Description: DAPI dihydrochloride

DAPI dihydrochloride
RM5773-25MG	EWC Diagnostics	1 unit	EUR 119.85
Description: DAPI dihydrochloride

DAPI (dihydrochloride)
HY-D0814	MedChemExpress	50mg	EUR 439.2

DAPI Dihydrochloride
T19827-10mg	TargetMol Chemicals	10mg	Ask for price
Description: DAPI Dihydrochloride

DAPI Dihydrochloride
T19827-1g	TargetMol Chemicals	1g	Ask for price
Description: DAPI Dihydrochloride

DAPI Dihydrochloride
T19827-1mg	TargetMol Chemicals	1mg	Ask for price
Description: DAPI Dihydrochloride

DAPI Dihydrochloride
T19827-50mg	TargetMol Chemicals	50mg	Ask for price
Description: DAPI Dihydrochloride

DAPI Dihydrochloride
T19827-5mg	TargetMol Chemicals	5mg	Ask for price
Description: DAPI Dihydrochloride

DAPI Dihydrochloride
MBS5756233-100mg	MyBiosource	100mg	EUR 390

DAPI Dihydrochloride
MBS5756233-10mg	MyBiosource	10mg	EUR 165

DAPI Dihydrochloride
MBS5756233-25mg	MyBiosource	25mg	EUR 225

DAPI Dihydrochloride
MBS5756233-50mg	MyBiosource	50mg	EUR 315

DAPI Dihydrochloride
MBS5756233-5mg	MyBiosource	5mg	EUR 155

DAPI Staining Kit
abx097206-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	EUR 276

DAPI Staining Kit
abx097206-100l	Abbexa	100 µl	EUR 162.5

DAPI Staining Kit
abx097206-1ml	Abbexa	1 ml	Ask for price

DAPI Staining Kit
abx097206-200l	Abbexa	200 µl	Ask for price

DAPI Staining Kit
MBS826728-01mL	MyBiosource	0.1mL	EUR 140

DAPI Staining Kit
MBS826728-5x01mL	MyBiosource	5x0.1mL	EUR 550

FluorLast? with DAPI
1214-20	Biovision	each	EUR 183.6

Dapi-Fluoromount-G
MBS679125-20mL	MyBiosource	20mL	EUR 150

Dapi-Fluoromount-G
MBS679125-5x20mL	MyBiosource	5x20mL	EUR 535

DAPI Staining Solution
MBS176580-10mL	MyBiosource	10mL	EUR 115

DAPI Staining Solution
MBS176580-50mL	MyBiosource	50mL	EUR 135

DAPI Staining Solution
MBS176580-5x50mL	MyBiosource	5x50mL	EUR 450

DAPI Reference Standard
BLI906A-1	Polysciences Europe GmbH	1ml	EUR 265

DAPI Reference Standard
BLI906B-5	Polysciences Europe GmbH	5ml	EUR 522

DAPI Reference Standard
BLI906C-14	Polysciences Europe GmbH	2x7ml	EUR 1007

DAPI Reagent (25μg/mL)
E-CK-A163-100T	Elabscience Biotech	100T	EUR 15

DAPI Reagent (25μg/mL)
E-CK-A163-200T	Elabscience Biotech	200T	EUR 25

DAPI Reagent (25μg/mL)
E-CK-A163-500T	Elabscience Biotech	500T	EUR 55

DAPI Reagent (25μg/mL)
E-CK-A163-50T	Elabscience Biotech	50T	EUR 10

DAPI Solution(1mg/mL)
19178-91	NACALAI TESQUE	1ML	EUR 38.5

DAPI Led Filter Cube
LBI10101	Westburg	each	EUR 2735.9

DAPI Reagent (25ug/mL)
E-CK-A163-100Tests	Elabscience Biotech	100Tests	EUR 15

DAPI Reagent (25ug/mL)
E-CK-A163-200Tests	Elabscience Biotech	200Tests	EUR 25

DAPI Reagent (25ug/mL)
E-CK-A163-500Tests	Elabscience Biotech	500Tests	EUR 55

DAPI Reagent (25ug/mL)
E-CK-A163-50Tests	Elabscience Biotech	50Tests	EUR 10

DAPI solution (1mg/ml)
MBS8579913-1mL	MyBiosource	1mL	EUR 140

DAPI solution (1mg/ml)
MBS8579913-5x1mL	MyBiosource	5x1mL	EUR 570

DAPI-solution（1mg/ml）
E37F17510DZ	EnoGene	1-mL	EUR 60
Description: Cell-staining.-Nuclear-staining.

Fluoroshield™ with DAPI
AR-6501-01	ImmunoBioscience	20 ml	EUR 68.05

Fluoroshield™ with DAPI
AR-6501-02	ImmunoBioscience	100 ml	EUR 247.1

Fluoroshield with DAPI & PPD
AR-6513-01	ImmunoBioscience	20 ml	EUR 68.05

Fluoroshield with DAPI & PPD
AR-6513-02	ImmunoBioscience	100 ml	EUR 231

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE117	GeneOn	5 mg	EUR 72

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE118	GeneOn	25 mg	EUR 159.6

DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade)
CE119	GeneOn	100 mg	EUR 382.8

Fluoroshield with DAPI & DABCO
AR-6505-01	ImmunoBioscience	20 ml	EUR 68.05

Fluoroshield with DAPI & DABCO
AR-6505-02	ImmunoBioscience	100 ml	EUR 247.1

DAPI, 10mg/mL in H2O
40043-1	Biotium	EA	EUR 103

DAPI Reagent (1 ug/mL)
E-IR-R103-10mL	Elabscience Biotech	10mL	EUR 35

DAPI Reagent (1 ug/mL)
E-IR-R103-50mL	Elabscience Biotech	50mL	EUR 105

DAPI Reagent (1 ug/mL)
E-IR-R103-5mL	Elabscience Biotech	5mL	EUR 20

DAPI Reagent (1 ug/mL)
E-IR-R103-each	Elabscience Biotech	each	Ask for price

DAPI (Ex375/28, Em460/50)
LBI10130	Westburg	each	EUR 3270

Fluoroshield with DAPI & Propylgallate
AR-6506-01	ImmunoBioscience	20 ml	EUR 68.05

Fluoroshield with DAPI & Propylgallate
AR-6506-02	ImmunoBioscience	100 ml	EUR 247.1

FluorLast? with DAPI and DABCO
1218-20	Biovision	each	EUR 183.6

Fluoromount Mounting Medium with DAPI
42734051-1	Glycomatrix	20 mL	EUR 76.14

FluoroQuestâ„¢ Mounting Medium with DAPI
20004	AAT Bioquest	50 mL	EUR 112
Description: FluoroQuest™ with DAPI is an aqueous mounting medium for preserving fluorescence of tissue and cell smears.

FluoroQuestâ„¢ Mounting Medium with DAPI
20004-50mL	AAT Bioquest	50 mL	EUR 109
Description: FluoroQuest™ with DAPI is an aqueous mounting medium for preserving fluorescence of tissue and cell smears.

OOSB00007-20ML - Dapi-Fluoromount-G
OOSB00007-20ML	Aviva Systems Biology	20mL	EUR 79

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
EGY0621	EnoGene	10mL	EUR 85

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
EGY0622	EnoGene	50mL	EUR 185

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
MBS8584952-10mL	MyBiosource	10mL	EUR 200

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
MBS8584952-5x10mL	MyBiosource	5x10mL	EUR 915

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
MBS8584953-50mL	MyBiosource	50mL	EUR 285

DAPI staining kit (ready to use)
MBS8584953-5x50mL	MyBiosource	5x50mL	EUR 1300

Annexin V-PE/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A256-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-PE/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A256-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-PE/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A256-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-PE/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A256-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-APC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A258-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-APC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A258-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-APC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A258-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-APC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A258-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-FITC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A252-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-FITC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A252-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-FITC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A252-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-FITC/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A252-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-EGFP/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A260-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-EGFP/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A260-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-EGFP/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A260-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-EGFP/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A260-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-AF647/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A254-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-AF647/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A254-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-AF647/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A254-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-AF647/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A254-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-AF488/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A278-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-AF488/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A278-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-AF488/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A278-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-AF488/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A278-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Annexin V-ER780/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A280-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-ER780/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A280-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-ER780/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A280-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-ER780/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A280-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

Anti-Fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
abx090690-10ml	Abbexa	10 ml	EUR 243.6

Anti-Fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
abx090690-100l	Abbexa	100 µl	EUR 137.5

Anti-Fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
abx090690-1ml	Abbexa	1 ml	Ask for price

Anti-Fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
abx090690-200l	Abbexa	200 µl	Ask for price

Anti-fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
MBS355738-10mL	MyBiosource	10mL	EUR 180

Anti-fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI)
MBS355738-5x10mL	MyBiosource	5x10mL	EUR 515

EverBrite™ Mounting Medium with DAPI
23002-1	Biotium	EA	EUR 172

N749 Dye (Black Dye), 95%
52716	Sisco Laboratories	50 Mg	EUR 205.16
Description: Part C

Annexin V-Cyanine5/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A262-100Assays	Elabscience Biotech	100 Assays	EUR 260

Annexin V-Cyanine5/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A262-200Assays	Elabscience Biotech	200 Assays	EUR 398

Annexin V-Cyanine5/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A262-20Assays	Elabscience Biotech	20 Assays	EUR 75

Annexin V-Cyanine5/DAPI Apoptosis Kit
E-CK-A262-50Assays	Elabscience Biotech	50 Assays	EUR 150

DAPI in Fluorguard™ (0.3 µg/ml)
F201	Insitus Biotechnologies	1 ml	Ask for price

DAPI in Fluorguard™ (0.5 µg/ml)
F203	Insitus Biotechnologies	1 ml	Ask for price

DAPI in Fluorguard™ (1 µg/ml)
F204	Insitus Biotechnologies	1 ml	Ask for price

Enhanced Antifade Mounting Medium with DAPI
MBS9719255-10mL	MyBiosource	10mL	EUR 115

Enhanced Antifade Mounting Medium with DAPI
MBS9719255-50mL	MyBiosource	50mL	EUR 140

Enhanced Antifade Mounting Medium with DAPI
MBS9719255-5x10mL	MyBiosource	5x10mL	EUR 500

Enhanced Antifade Mounting Medium with DAPI
MBS9719255-5x50mL	MyBiosource	5x50mL	EUR 615