The molecular mechanisms of pain associated with alphaherpesvirus latency is unclear. We hypothesize that the voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons controlling the electrical impulses may have abnormal activity during infection and reactivation of latent virus. We used HSV-1 infects DRG-derived neural cell line of human HD10.6 to study the formation of viral latency, maintenance and reactivation and changes of VGSC functional expression. differentiated cells exhibited strong tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitive sodium currents and significantly reduce the acute infection VGSC functional expression within 24 hours, and completely eliminate VGSC activity within 3 days.
A stationary state of infection mimic latency can be achieved in the presence acyclovir (ACV) for 7 days followed by 5 days of washout ACV and then the virus can remain active for three weeks. It was noted that during the formation of HSV-1 latency, loss VGSC activity caused by HSV-1 can not be blocked by the treatment of ACV. However, neurons with ACV treatment continued for 4 days showed a gradual recovery VGSC functional expression.
Furthermore, neurons VGSC latent showed higher activity compared to controls. Overall Regulation VGSC by HSV-1 during a silent infection as evidenced by an increase in the transcription and translation possibilities Nav1.7. Together these observations suggest a very complex pattern of electrophysiological changes during HSV infection DRG neurons, which may have implications for understanding the mechanisms of virus-mediated pain associated with latency and reactivation.Importance: The reactivation of the herpes virus, most often VZV and PRV, can cause nerve disorders cranial and unbearable pain. Clinical studies have also reported that HSV-1 causes occipital neuralgia and chronic postherpetic neuralgia in humans.
Work is currently closely studying the functional VGSC expression profile changes during the process of HSV-1 latency and reactivation formation using human dorsal root ganglion neurons HD 10.6 cells as an in vitro model. Our results show that the activity of VGSC eliminated after infection but continued to recover during the establishment of latency and latency neurons showed VGSC activity is even higher. This finding advances our knowledge of how the ganglion neurons generated electrical impulses as usual for normal VGSC functional expression is affected by latent viruses.
2X PCR HotStart MasterMix with dye |
G906-dye |
ABM |
5.0 ml (200 Rxns) |
EUR 158 |
2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix with dye |
G014-dye |
ABM |
5.0 ml (200 Rxns) |
EUR 106 |
2X PCR Precision™ MasterMix with dye |
G124-dye |
ABM |
5.0 ml (200 Rxns) |
EUR 163 |
One-Step RT-PCR Kit with dye |
G174-dye |
ABM |
100 x 50 ul reactions |
EUR 233 |
2X PCR Bestaq™ MasterMix with dye |
G464-dye |
ABM |
5.0 ml (200 Rxns) |
EUR 158 |
2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix with dye |
G901-dye |
ABM |
25.0 ml (1000 Rxns) |
EUR 299 |
2X PCR SensTaq HotStart MasterMix with Dye |
G939-Dye |
ABM |
5.0 ml (200 Rxns) |
EUR 158 |
DAPI |
abx082063-10mg |
Abbexa |
10 mg |
EUR 230 |
|
DAPI |
40011 |
Biotium |
10MG |
EUR 140 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 10MG |
DAPI (hydrochloride) |
C3362-10 |
ApexBio |
10 mg |
EUR 122 |
DAPI (hydrochloride) |
C3362-25 |
ApexBio |
25 mg |
EUR 200 |
DAPI (hydrochloride) |
C3362-5 |
ApexBio |
5 mg |
EUR 93 |
DAPI Staining Kit |
abx097206-1Kit |
Abbexa |
1 Kit |
EUR 230 |
|
FluorLast? with DAPI |
1214-20 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 153 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
CE117 |
GeneOn |
5 mg |
EUR 60 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
CE118 |
GeneOn |
25 mg |
EUR 133 |
DAPI (Molecular Biology Grade) |
CE119 |
GeneOn |
100 mg |
EUR 319 |
dye Antibody |
1-CSB-PA772049LA01DIL |
Cusabio |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody against dye. Recognizes dye from Zebrafish. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB; Recommended dilution: WB:1:500-1:5000 |
Phycocyanin dye |
85R-1016 |
Fitzgerald |
1 mg |
EUR 133 |
Description: Phycocyanin dye for use in conjugation to biomolecules and antibodies |
Phycoerythrin dye |
85R-1018 |
Fitzgerald |
1 mg |
EUR 133 |
Description: Phycocyanin dye for use in conjugation to biomolecules and antibodies |
EverBrite Mounting Medium with DAPI |
23002 |
Biotium |
10mL |
EUR 195 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 10mL |
DAPI, 10mg/mL in H2O |
40043 |
Biotium |
1ML |
EUR 134 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1ML |
FluorLast? with DAPI and DABCO |
1218-20 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 153 |
PCR SuperMix (-dye) |
20-abx098002 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 411.00
-
EUR 189.00
-
EUR 258.00
|
|
|
PCR SuperMix (+dye) |
20-abx098003 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 411.00
-
EUR 189.00
-
EUR 6174.00
-
EUR 258.00
|
|
|
Green-DNA Dye |
SB2040 |
Bio Basic |
100UL, 100UL |
EUR 67.4 |
|
DNA Loading Dye |
G030 |
ABM |
6X; 3 x 1.0 ml |
EUR 79 |
Bradford Dye Reagent |
0209R |
AthenaES |
100 ml |
EUR 131 |
Anti-Fade Mounting Medium (With DAPI) |
abx090690-10ml |
Abbexa |
10 ml |
EUR 203 |
|
EverBrite Hardset Mounting Medium with DAPI |
23004 |
Biotium |
10mL |
EUR 213 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 10mL |
FluoroQuest™ Mounting Medium with DAPI |
20004 |
AAT Bioquest |
50 mL |
EUR 132 |
|
INT dye (Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride) |
IB0280 |
Bio Basic |
250mg |
EUR 63.05 |
|
Fluorescein Reference Dye (100X) |
F553 |
GeneOn |
1 ml (10µM) |
EUR 61 |
Fluorescein Reference Dye (100X) |
F553L |
GeneOn |
5x1 ml (50µM) |
EUR 172 |
T PCR SuperMix (-dye) |
20-abx098005 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
T PCR SuperMix (+dye) |
20-abx098006 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
EasyPfu PCR SuperMix (-dye) |
20-abx098009 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
FastPfu PCR SuperMix (-dye) |
20-abx098010 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
ROX passive reference dye |
29052 |
Biotium |
5mL |
EUR 195 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 5mL |
Rox Passive Reference Dye |
R1000-500 |
GenDepot |
500ul |
EUR 115 |
dye Antibody, HRP conjugated |
1-CSB-PA772049LB01DIL |
Cusabio |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody against dye. Recognizes dye from Zebrafish. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA |
dye Antibody, FITC conjugated |
1-CSB-PA772049LC01DIL |
Cusabio |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody against dye. Recognizes dye from Zebrafish. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA |
dye Antibody, Biotin conjugated |
1-CSB-PA772049LD01DIL |
Cusabio |
|
|
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody against dye. Recognizes dye from Zebrafish. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA |
DNA Loading Green Dye |
G924 |
ABM |
6X; 3 x 1.0 ml |
EUR 79 |
Ready? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1128-1000 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 512 |
Ready? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1128-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 191 |
Rigor? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1133-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 321 |
Breeze? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1135-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 267 |
Distant? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1137-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 294 |
Advance? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1140-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 376 |
Phycocyanin dye (cross-linked) |
85R-1017 |
Fitzgerald |
1 mg |
EUR 122 |
Description: Cross-linked phycocyanin dye for use in conjugation to biomolecules and antibodies |
DAPI (4',6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride) |
B551 |
ABM |
0.2 ml |
EUR 108 |
PCR SuperMix for PAGE (+dye) |
20-abx098004 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 411.00
-
EUR 189.00
-
EUR 258.00
|
|
|
G50 Dye Terminator Removal Kit |
FYG603-50P |
Yeastern Biotech |
50 Preps |
Ask for price |
iVDye 6X Gel Loading Dye |
V1004-001 |
GenDepot |
1ml |
EUR 73 |
iVDye 6X Gel Loading Dye |
V1004-010 |
GenDepot |
10x1ml |
EUR 178 |
iVDye 6X Gel Loading Dye |
V1004-020 |
GenDepot |
20x1ml |
EUR 215 |
CELLBRITE GREEN CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE DYE |
30021 |
Biotium |
1ML |
EUR 191 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1ML |
CELLBRITE ORANGE CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE DYE |
30022 |
Biotium |
1ML |
EUR 191 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1ML |
CellBriteTM Red Cytoplasmic Membrane Dye |
30023 |
Biotium |
1ML |
EUR 191 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1ML |
Powerpol 2xPCR mix with dye |
RK20719 |
Abclonal |
1mL |
Ask for price |
|
BCIP-NBT Dye for IHC |
G447 |
ABM |
250 ml |
EUR 254 |
Robust Ready? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1131-1000 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 615 |
Robust Ready? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1131-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 213 |
Fire Start? PCR Mix-Dye |
M1142-200 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 376 |
DAPI, dilactate (4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dilactate) |
40009 |
Biotium |
10MG |
EUR 146 |
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 10MG |
ROX Reference Dye (25 µM; 50x) |
F153 |
GeneOn |
1 ml |
EUR 61 |
ROX Reference Dye (25 µM; 50x) |
F153L |
GeneOn |
5x1 ml |
EUR 172 |
Green-DNA Dye, ready to use |
DT81414 |
Bio Basic |
1.5ml, 1.5ml |
EUR 128.3 |
|
Top Green qPCR SuperMix (+Dye II) |
20-abx098890 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 829.00
-
EUR 217.00
-
EUR 1135.00
-
EUR 411.00
|
|
|
Tip Green qPCR SuperMix (+Dye II) |
20-abx098891 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 968.00
-
EUR 230.00
-
EUR 1330.00
-
EUR 467.00
|
|
|
Load 6x Loading Dye Bromophenol Blue |
BA01401 |
Bioatlas |
6x1ml |
EUR 80 |
Description: High purity buffer for various PCR applications. |
Load 6x Loading Dye Orange G |
BA01402 |
Bioatlas |
6x1ml |
EUR 80 |
Description: High purity buffer for various PCR applications. |
Fast Red Violet Dye for IHC |
G446 |
ABM |
250 ml |
EUR 342 |
Easy? One Step RT Kit-Dye |
M1163-100 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 468 |
2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P112-01 |
Vazyme |
5 ml |
EUR 117 |
2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P112-02 |
Vazyme |
15 ml |
EUR 146 |
2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P112-03 |
Vazyme |
50 ml |
EUR 236 |
2 × AceTaq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P412-01 |
Vazyme |
1 ml |
EUR 119 |
2 × AceTaq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P412-02 |
Vazyme |
5 ml |
EUR 158 |
2 × AceTaq Master Mix (Dye Plus) |
P412-03 |
Vazyme |
15 ml |
EUR 262 |
TaqProbe 5X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-5PS |
ABM |
4 x 1.0 ml for 1000 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 213 |
BrightGreen 5X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-5S |
ABM |
4 x 1.0 ml for 1000 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 213 |
KiloGreen 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-KS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml - 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |
BrightGreen miRNA qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-mS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions |
EUR 151 |
TaqProbe 2X qPCR MasterMix-No Dye |
MasterMix-PS |
ABM |
4 x 1.25 ml for 500 reactions (20 ul) |
EUR 140 |